PUBLICATIONS


A simple list of all publications referred to on the site. A separate section at the bottom contains publications having to do with HIV Epidemiology.


Go to a list of publications about: Medicine Quality | Policy Analysis | Surveillance | Estimates | M and E | Data Management | Data Sharing: Policy | Data Sharing: Tools | HIV Epidemiology

Referring Page: Medicine Quality

Pisani, Elizabeth, Aksari Dewi, Anna Palagyi, Devarsety Praveen, Ayuk Lawuningtyas Hariadini, Diana Lyrawati, Sujarwoto, Asri Maharani, Gindo Tampubolon, and Anushka Patel. ‘Variation in Price of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine in Indonesia, and Relationship with Quality: A Mixed Methods Study in East Java’. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Health (In press) (2023). https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.11.24.22282722 Pre-print available here: Pisani_CVD_quality_accepted

STARmeds Field Team, 2023, “Conducting randomised field surveys of medicine quality using mystery shoppers: A practical guide and toolkit.”, https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/OBIDHJ, Harvard Dataverse, V2

Pisani, E, R Biljers Fanda, A Hasnida, M Rahmi, Y Nugrahani, I Bachtiar, A Hariadini, D Lyrawati, and A Dewi. ‘Pill Pushers: Politics, Money and the Quality of Medicine in Indonesia. Chapter in Witoelar and Utomo Eds: “In Sickness and in Health: Daignosing Indonesia”, IAEAS, Singapore: In Press.’ In In Sickness and in Health: Daignosing Indonesia, edited by F Witoelar and A Utomo. Indonesia Update. Singapore: IAEAS, 2022. https://bookshop.iseas.edu.sg/publication/7825#contents

A Study of the Quality of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicines in Malang District, Indonesia, Using Exposure-Based Sampling
Dewi, Aksari, Anushka Patel, Anna Palagyi, Devarsetty Praveen, Bachtiar Rifai Pratita Ihsan, Ayuk Lawuningtyas Hariadini, Diana Lyrawati, et al. . BMJ Global Health 7, no. 11 (1 November 2022): e009762. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009762

Proposed methods for surveillance and estimation of medicine quality
Pisani E, Hasnida A, Rahmi M, Kok MO, Harsono S, Anggriani Y. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 2021

“Challenges in maintaining medicine quality while aiming for universal health coverage: a qualitative analysis from Indonesia” Hasnida, A, Kok MO, Pisani E. BMJ Global Health, 6(3):e003663

“What Makes a National Pharmaceutical Track and Trace System Succeed? Lessons From Turkey”. Parmaksiz, Koray, Elizabeth Pisani, and Maarten Olivier Kok. Global Health: Science and Practice, 19 August 2020. https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-20-00084

Pisani, Elizabeth, R Biljers Fanda, Aksari Dewi, Yunita Nugrahani, Amalia Hasnida, and Mawaddati Rahmi. ‘Taking a Cut: Investigating Incentives in Indonesia’s Medicine Supply Chain’. London: Ternyata Ltd, 2019. https://kebijakankesehatanindonesia.net/images/2021/Taking-a-cut-investigating-incentives-in-Indonesia_Medicine_Supply_Chain.pdf.

How moves towards universal health coverage could encourage poor quality drugs (https://www.bmj.com/content/366/bmj.l5327) (Published 04 September 2019) BMJ 2019;366:l5327

Nistor, Adina-Loredana, Elizabeth Pisani, and Maarten Olivier Kok. ‘Why Falsified Medicines Reach Patients: An Analysis of Political and Economic Factors in Romania’. BMJ Global Health 6, no. Suppl 3 (1 February 2023): e009918. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009918

Identifying market risk for substandard and falsified medicines: an analytic framework based on qualitative research in China, Indonesia, Turkey and Romania (https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/4-70/v1) Pisani E, Nistor AL, Hasnida A et al. Wellcome Open Res 2019, 4:70

Brexit and medicine shortages: evidence from trade data (https://www.bmj.com/content/367/bmj.l5815) (Published 03 October 2019) BMJ 2019;367:l5815

Antimicrobial resistance: What does medicine quality have to do with it? (.docx 2.5MB)
Pisani, for UK AMR Review. 2015
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/AMR_and_medicine_quality.docx


Go to a list of publications about: Medicine Quality | Policy Analysis | Surveillance | Estimates | M and E | Data Management | Data Sharing: Policy | Data Sharing: Tools | HIV Epidemiology

Referring Page: Policy Analysis

A detailed anlaysis of health insurance, service availability and service use in Indonesia, which shows that richer families are the single largest consumers of free healthcare in the country.
Full URL: https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/10/e050565

Indonesia’s road to universal health coverage: A political journey (.pdf 252 Kb)
Pisani, Nugroho and Kok, Health Policy and Planning, 2016
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Pisani-et-al.-2016-Indonesias-road-to-universal-health-coverage-a-p.pdf

In the eye of the beholder: to make global health estimates useful, make them more socially robust (.pdf 1MB)
Pisani and Kok, Global Health Action,2016
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Pisani-and-Kok-2016-In-the-eye-of-the-beholder-to-make-global-health-.pdf

Learning from the pioneers: Lessons about data platforms drawn from the WWARN experience (.pdf 670KB)
Pisani & Botchway, Wellcome Trust 2016
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/WWARNCaseStudy15Dec2016.pdf



Go to a list of publications about: Medicine Quality | Policy Analysis | Surveillance | Estimates | M and E | Data Management | Data Sharing: Policy | Data Sharing: Tools | HIV Epidemiology

Referring Page: Data Sharing: Policy

Sharing individual patient and parasite-level data through the WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network platform: A qualitative case study
Pisani E and Botchway S. Wellcome Open Res 2017, 2:63
doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.12259.1

Beyond open data: realising the health benefits of sharing data
Pisani et al.BMJ 2016; 355:i5295
doi: 10.1136/bmj.i5295
Associated: Elizabeth Pisani on the BMJ Podcast (Soundcloud)

Time for fair trade in research data
Pisani, Whitworth, Zaba and Abou-Zahr, 2010; Lancet 375:9716; 703-705 2010
doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61486-0

Sharing health data: good intentions are not enough
Pisani and Abou-Zahr, 2010; Bulletin of the World Health Organization 88(6): 462-466
10.2471/BLT.09.074393

Open Epi: A new culture for public health data?
Pisani, 2010. Commissioned discussion paper for funders of public health research.

Data Sharing: Draft Code of Conduct
Associated: presentation slides

Data sharing: briefing notes for journals

Data sharing: briefing notes for research funders

Learning from the pioneers: Lessons about data platforms drawn from the WWARN experience (.pdf 670KB)
Pisani & Botchway, Wellcome Trust 2016
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/WWARNCaseStudy15Dec2016.pdf



Go to a list of publications about: Medicine Quality | Policy Analysis | Surveillance | Estimates | M and E | Data Management | Data Sharing: Policy | Data Sharing: Tools | HIV Epidemiology

Referring Page: Data Sharing: Tools

First Things First: Guidelines on management and coding of behavioural surveillance data
Family Health International, Bangkok, 2006
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/data_management.pdf



Go to a list of publications about: Medicine Quality | Policy Analysis | Surveillance | Estimates | M and E | Data Management | Data Sharing: Policy | Data Sharing: Tools | HIV Epidemiology

Referring Page: Data Use

Tilting at windmills: Lancet essay on data use (.pdf 504kb)

Guidelines for the effective use of data from surveillance systems (.pdf 580kb)
WHO/UNAIDS, Geneva, 2003
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/Useofdata1.pdf

DRAFT: Back to Basics. A resource manual for planning and tracking effective HIV prevention efforts in adults (.doc 701kb)
Associated: spreadsheet for calculating exposure
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/back-to-basics-draft-2.doc

In the eye of the beholder: to make global health estimates useful, make them more socially robust (.pdf 1MB)
Pisani and Kok, Global Health Action,2016
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Pisani-and-Kok-2016-In-the-eye-of-the-beholder-to-make-global-health-.pdf



Go to a list of publications about: Medicine Quality | Policy Analysis | Surveillance | Estimates | M and E | Data Management | Data Sharing: Policy | Data Sharing: Tools | HIV Epidemiology

Referring Page: Research Methods: Surveillance

Guidelines for Second Generation HIV Surveillance (.pdf 270k)
WHO/UNAIDS, Geneva, 2000
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/2nd_generation.pdf

Behavioural Surveillance Surveys: Guidelines for repeated behavioural surveys in populations at risk of HIV (.pdf 2,263Kb)
Family Health International, Bangkok, 2000
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/BSS_Eng.pdf

Biological and Clinical Data Collection in Population Surveys in Less Developed Countries ( .pdf 4,398 Kb)
MEASURE Evaluation, Chapel Hill, 2000
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/biomarkers.pdf

HIV surveillance in hard-to-reach populations (html document, opens in a new page)
Schwartländer B, Ghys P, Pisani E et al. AIDS 2001 15 (suppl 3) S 1-3
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/hard_to_reach_populations_AIDS.htm

HIV surveillance among female sex workers (html document, opens in a new page)
Ghys P, Jenkins C, Pisani E. AIDS 2001 15 (S3) S33 – S40
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/surveillanc_among_sex_workers.htm

HIV surveillance: A global perspective (.pdf 68.5 kb)
Pisani E, Lazzari S, Walker N, Schwartländer B. 2003. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2003, 32: S3-S11
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/global_surveillance.pdf



Go to a list of publications about: Medicine Quality | Policy Analysis | Surveillance | Estimates | M and E | Data Management | Data Sharing: Policy | Data Sharing: Tools | HIV Epidemiology

Referring Page: Research Methods: Estimates

Estimating the size of populations at risk for HIV: Issues and methods (.pdf 2.09Mb)
WHO/UNAIDS/Family Health International, Bangkok and Geneva, 2003
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/population_size_estimation.pdf

Estimating HIV infection in a concentrated epidemic: Lessons from Indonesia (.pdf 484kb)
UNAIDS, Geneva, 2003
Link URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/Indonesia_estimates_process.pd

Estimating the number of people at risk for HIV and living with HIV in China in 2005: Methods and results (.pdf 108kb)
Fan L, Ning W, Wu ZY et al. Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2006 82: iii87 – iii92
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/china_estimates.pdf

Estimating the number of drug injectors in Indonesia (.pdf 86.4)
Pisani E. International Journal of Drug Policy, 2006 17 (1): 35-40
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/idu_estimates_indonesia.pdf

Estimating the number of people at risk for HIV and living with HIV in China in 2005: Methods and results (.pdf 108kb)
Fan L, Ning W, Wu ZY et al. – Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2006 82: iii87 – iii92)
Link URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/china_estimates.pdf

Back to Basics in HIV Prevention: Focus on Exposure (.pdf 115kb)
Pisani E, Garnett G, Brown T et al. – British Medical Journal, 2003; 326: 1384-1387
A doctoral thesis (.pdf 4.6 MB)



Go to a list of publications about: Medicine Quality | Policy Analysis | Surveillance | Estimates | M and E | Data Management | Data Sharing: Policy | Data Sharing: Tools | HIV Epidemiology

Referring Page: Research Methods: Monitoring and Evaluation

National AIDS Programmes: a Guide to Monitoring and Evaluation (.pdf 380 kb) UNAIDS/MEASURE Evaluation, Chapel Hill NC, 2000
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/ME_guide.pdf

DRAFT: Back to Basics. A resource manual for planning and tracking effective HIV prevention efforts in adults (.doc 700k)
World Health Organisation
http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/back-to-basics-draft-2.doc

instructions for using the spreadsheet (.doc)
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/back-to-basics-draft-2.doc

Guidelines for the effective use of data from surveillance systems (.pdf 579 kb)
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/Useofdata.pdf



Go to a list of publications about: Medicine Quality | Policy Analysis | Surveillance | Estimates | M and E | Data Management | Data Sharing: Policy | Data Sharing: Tools | HIV Epidemiology

Referring Page: Research Methods: Data Management

First Things First: Guidelines on management and coding of behavioural surveillance data (.pdf 568kb)
Family Health International, Bangkok, 2006
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/data_management.pdf



Go to a list of publications about: Medicine Quality | Policy Analysis | Surveillance | Estimates | M and E | Data Management | Data Sharing: Policy | Data Sharing: Tools | HIV Epidemiology

HIV Epidemiology

This section provides links to publications about the epidemiology of HIV in individual countries as well as regional and global perspectives. Ternyata director Elizabeth Pisani contributed to all of these publications, which include papers in peer reviewed journals and UN agency reports.

Country specific HIV-related publications

HIV risk in Karachi and Lahore, Pakistan: an emerging epidemic in injecting and commercial sex networks (.pdf 191 kb)
Asma Bokhari, Naseer M Nizamani et al. International Journal of STD & AIDS 2007; 18: 486–492
HIV, STI and risk behaviour surveys in two cities in Pakistan. The paper describes rapidly rising HIV rates among drug injectors, and some infection in male, female and transgendered sex workers and truck drivers. Condom use was low in all groups, and HIV prevention services were negligible.
http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/pakistan_hiv.pdf

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HIV/AIDS in China: Beyond the Numbers Editors: Wu, Zunyou (Ed.) (Springer)

“HIV/AIDS in China: Beyond the Numbers is a fascinating account of how the AIDS epidemic forced these leaders into action. … This book offers a vivid history of China’s response to HIV from the pathogen’s emergence until the present, and it joins the relatively thin ranks of books that offer first-person accounts of important eras in public health. This is a must-read book for anyone interested in HIV, infectious diseases more generally, or global health.” (Kristin Harper, Science, December, Vol. 354 (6318), 2016)

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Estimating the number of people at risk for HIV and living with HIV in China in 2005: Methods and results (.pdf 108 kb)
Fan L, Ning W, Wu ZY et al. Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2006 82: iii87 – iii92

Description of the process by which the number of injection drug users, sex workers, clients of sex workers and men who have sex with men in China was estimated. Estimates for the number living with HIV are also described. The results were significantly lower than previous estimates: this paper explains why.
http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/china_estimates.pdf

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Basing policy on evidence: low HIV, STIs and risk behaviour in Dili, East Timor argue for more focused interventions (.pdf 168 kb)
Pisani E, Purnomo H, Sutrisna A et al. Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2006 Feb;82(1):88-93

When East Timor became independent, many assumptions were made about the threat of an extensive HIV epidemic. This paper described the first attempt to measure levels of risk behaviour, sexually transmitted infections and HIV among those most at risk, including female sex workers, their clients and men who have sex with men. The study found low levels of infection and risk; the paper argues that donor and government money would be better invested tackling more pressing problems such as low immunisation rates and lack of reproductive health services. (For more detailed report, click here) (.pdf 160 kb)
http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/HIV_in_Timor.pdf

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HIV, syphilis infection and sexual practices among transgenders, male sex workers and other men who have sex with men in Jakarta, Indonesia (.pdf 75 kb)
Pisani E, Girault P, Gultom M, et al., Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2004; 80: 536 – 540

The first comprehensive study of risk behaviour, HIV and syphilis among three distinct groups of males who have anal sex in Jakarta found extremely high levels of infection among transgender sex workers, and lower levels of infection but considerable risk of exposure to HIV and other STIs among male sex workers and gay men in the Indonesian capital. The paper makes recommendations for interventions for all three groups; most of these have since been successfully
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/Transgenders_and_MSM_in_Jakarta.pdf

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HIV, syphilis infection and sexual practices among transgenders, male sex workers and other men who have sex with men in Jakarta, Indonesia (.pdf 203 kb)
Pisani, E., Dadun et al. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 2003; 34(4): 403-406

Until the late 1990s, some influential epidemiologists believed that HIV epidemics driven by drug injection were unlikely to “cross over” into other populations because drug injectors are not very sexually active. This paper describes extremely high levels of unprotected sex, including commercial sex, among young drug injectors in Indonesia.
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/IDU_sex_indonesia.pdf

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HIV, STIs, and sexual behaviors among men who have sex with men in Phnom Penh, Cambodia (.pdf 95 kb)
Girault P, Saidel T, Ngak Song et al. AIDS Education and Prevention, 2004. 16(1):31-44

The first comprehensive study of HIV and STIs among men who have sex with men in the Cambodian capital. The paper describes high levels of HIV and STI infection among men who sell sex and transgenders, and provides evidence that HIV has spread from the highly-infected female sex worker population into the MSM population through men who have sex with both men and women. For the full report click here (.pdf 440 kb)
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/MSM_in_Phnom_Penh.pdf

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Evaluation of the World Bank’s Assistance in Responding to the AIDS Epidemic: Indonesia Case Study ( .pdf 476 kb)
World Bank Operations Evaluation Department
A critical appraisal of the World Bank’s response to HIV in Indonesia. This document, commissioned by the World Bank’s internal evaluation department, investigates what was known of the epidemiology of HIV in Indonesia at the time of a World Bank loan to the country in the mid 1990s. It concludes that the facts did not justify the lending, and finds that lack of technical support and management oversight led to the failure of the loan, which was eventually withdrawn.
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/world_bank_hiv_indonesia_case_study.pdf

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Evaluation of the World Bank’s Assistance in Responding to the AIDS Epidemic: Indonesia Case Study ( .pdf 290 kb)
Indonesian National AIDS Commission, Jakarta, 2002

Second report on the national HIV situation in Indonesia. This includes significantly more behavioural surveillance data than previously reported, and makes a clear call for a response that is more appropriately targeted at the behaviours driving the local epidemic, in particular drug injection and commercial sex. Available in Bahasa Indonesia only.
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/HIVIndonesia2002_id.pdf

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HIV/AIDS and other STIs in Indonesia: Challenges and Opportunities for Action, 2001 ( .pdf 868 kb)

Indonesian National AIDS Commission, Jakarta, 2001
In late 2001, Indonesia’s HIV surveillance working group for the first time published a summary of the national HIV situation, based on data generated by the biological and behavioural surveillance systems. It pointed to the growing importance of drug injection in spreading the infection in Indonesia. Available in English and Bahasa Indonesia.
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/IndonesiaHIVAIDSSTIChallengesOpportunities2001.pdf

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HIV/AIDS in Bangladesh: Where is it going? ( .pdf 1.48 Mb)
Bangladesh National AIDS/STD Programme, Dhaka, 2003
A report that brings together behavioural and biological surveillance data.about HIV and associated risk in Bangladesh for the first time. The report indicates that high levels of risk behaviour provide fertile ground for potentially rapid growth of HIV despite current low levels of prevalence.
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/Bangladesh3rdRoundSurveillanceBackgroundDoc2001.pdf

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HIV and AIDS: A Global View (A World View of Social Issues) (amazon link)
Pisani E. In: McElrath K. (Ed.) HIV and AIDS: A Global View. Greenwood Press, Westport CT. 2001
(at amazon.com)

Comparing the early HIV prevention success of Uganda with the growing epidemic in neighbouring Kenya, this chapter suggests that the willingness of a strong leader to impose aggressive prevention measures and to seek support from the church and other sectors in Uganda contributed greatly to the country’s better outcome.

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The United States Responds to the Global AIDS Pandemic (.pdf 223 kb)
SYNERGY/USAID, Washington 2001

Commissioned by the National Security Council, this document analyses the goals of the U.S. and international response to HIV/AIDS, and looks at concrete targets needed to meet those goals. It examines resource requirements, and points to massive gaps in the understanding of the relationships between programme costs, coverage and impact.
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/US_Goverment_responds-_to_AIDS.pdf

Regional

AIDS in Asia: Face the Facts (.pdf 2.14 Mb)
Monitoring the AIDS Pandemic, Bangkok, 2004

Prepared on behalf of the MAP network, and association of epidemiologists working independently of institutional affiliations, this report provides a comprehensive analysis of trends in HIV infection and the behaviours that drive it in Asia. Based on published and unpublished data, the report argues that there is evidence that programmes providing appropriate services to a high proportion of the drug injectors, men who have sex with men and men and women who buy and sell sex will effectively stem the epidemic in Asia.
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/aids_in_asia.pdf

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HIV and AIDS in Latin America and the Caribbean: an epidemic with many faces (.pdf 238 kb)
Monitoring the AIDS Pandemic /PAHO, Washington DC, 2000

The diversity of HIV epidemics in the Latin American and the Caribbean is often glossed over in wider global reports. This document focuses on the different epidemic dynamics in the region, and highlights some of the information gaps that stand in the way of planning for effective HIV prevention and care. It makes policy recommendations to meet future challenges. Published by the MAP network.

Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/HIVLatinAmerica.pdf

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To stem HIV in Africa, prevent transmission to young women (.pdf 108 kb)

Laga M, Schwartländer B, Pisani E et al. AIDS 2001, 15 (7): 931-934
An opinion paper based on analysis of HIV transmission patterns and risk behaviour in East and Southern Africa. The paper argues that the chain of infection is perpetuated by older men who infect young women premaritally. These women then go on to infect partners, including husbands, closer to their own age. Related report with more data.
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/prevent_transmission_-to_young_women.pdf

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Preventing And Mitigating AIDS in Sub-saharan Africa: Research and Data Priorities for the Social and Behavioral SciencesSexual Behaviour and HIV/AIDS (at amazon)
Pisani E. in Preventing and Mitigating AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa National Research Council 1996. National Academy Press, Washington

Commissioned by the US National Academy of Science, this chapter provides a summary of research relating to extramarital sex and HIV-related risk early in the AIDS epidemic.

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Africa’s struggle against AIDS
Pisani E. In: Trumbull C (Ed.) Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2000 Book of the Year. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Chicago, 2000

Encyclopaedia Britannica’s recognition of the extraordinary characteristics of the HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa
Full URL: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/10418/Africas-struggle-against-AIDS

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The socio-demographic impact of AIDS in Africa
Pisani E. African Journal of Reproductive Health, 1997 Sep, 1:2, 105-7

Written well before the full potential impact of HIV in Africa became clear, this paper nonetheless raises important issues about the virus’s effect on everything from population structure to corporate profits.
Full URL: http://www.iussp.org/Activities/scp-aid/aid-rep97.php

Global

HIV surveillance: A global perspective (.pdf 401 kb)
Pisani E, Lazzari S, Walker N, Schwartländer B. 2003. HIV surveillance: A global perspective. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 2003, 32: S3-S11
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/global_surveillance.pdf

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The Epidemiology of HIV at the start of the 21st Century: A review of the evidence (.pdf 958 kb)
UNICEF, New York, 2003

A review of the epidemiological evidence that underpins the implications of HIV for children, young people and mothers. The work — which uses rigorous examination of data to distinguish what we know from what we merely assume to be true — provides the technical background for a major rethink of UNICEF’s strategy in the field of HIV prevention and care world-wide.
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/PisaniUNICEF.pdf

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Report on the global HIV/AIDS epidemic, June 2000 (.pdf 1972 kb)
UNAIDS, Geneva 2000

This comprehensive report on the epidemiology of HIV is based on data drawn from around the world – much of it not previously published. It uses these data to highlight the inevitable impact of the epidemic on human welfare, to question the adequacy of current prevention approaches and to argue for a more efficient use of resources. Published for the International Conference on HIV and AIDS, Durban, 2000
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/Global_2000_-Eng.pdf

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Report on the global HIV/AIDS epidemic, June 1998 (.pdf 2424 kb)
UNAIDS, Geneva 1998

The first of UNAIDS biennial reports on the epidemiology of HIV, this widely-read document uses data from around the world to emphasise the importance of increased prevention efforts. It draws attention to areas in which clear policy leadership is needed. Published for the International Conference on HIV and AIDS, Geneva, 1998
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/Global_98_Eng.pdf

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AIDS into the 21st century: some critical considerations (.pdf 1220 kb)
Pisani E. Reproductive Health Matters 2000, 8(15)

A review of the successes and failures of HIV prevention during the first two decades of the global pandemic, and a look forward.
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/Pisani-2000-AIDS-into-the-21st-century-some-critical-consider.pdf

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The cost of unsafe injections (.pdf 85 kb)
Miller MA, Pisani E. Bulletin of the World Health Organisation, 1999 77 (10)

A discussion of the relative costs of auto-destruct and “single-use” (but frequently re-used) syringes, taking into account the HIV, Hepatitis and other viral infections potentially averted through use of the new technology
Full URL: http://www.ternyata.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/unsafe_injections.pdf

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The Global Epidemiology of HIV
Schwartländer B, Pisani E, Mertens T. In Saksena N (Ed.) Human Immunodeficiency Viruses: Biology, Immunology and Molecular Biology. Medical Systems SpA, 1998

An overview of the diverging pathways taken by HIV in different parts of the world, with implications for prevention.